 Copyright
Notice to Readers  What's New
Guide to Accounting Pronouncements and Sources, Sixth Edition
 Significant Differences in GAAP in Canada, Chile, Mexico and the United States
Notice to Reader Introduction Acknowledgments Executive Overview I Background II Areas Where Differences Have Been Eliminated or Significantly Reduced III Major Areas of Emphasis Since January 2001 IV Other Areas of Emphasis Since January 2001 V Work-In-Progress Comparison of Accounting Pronouncements 1. Basis of Measurement A. Accounting B. Disclosure Relating to Changing Prices 2. Business Combinations A. Methods of accounting for business combinations B. Goodwill i. Recognition ii. Impairment loss iii. Reversal of an impairment loss iv. Disclosure of impairment loss C. Negative Goodwill D. Other Issues i. Discounting long-term monetary items ii. Income tax issues iii. Restructuring charges iv. Preacquisition contingencies v. Push-down accounting vi. Disclosure: Pro forma results of operations E. Transfers Between Commonly Controlled Entities 3. Cash Flow Statement / Statement of Changes in Financial Position A. Purpose of Statement B. Cash and Cash Equivalents C. Noncash Financing and Investing Activities D. Disclosure: Interest and Taxes Paid E. Disclosure: Cash Flow Per Share F. Acquisitions and Disposal of Subsidiaries and Other Business Units 4. Changes in Accounting Principles A. Method of Recording Changes in Accounting Principles B. Disclosure: Reason for Change in Accounting Principles C. Disclosure: Presentation of Pro Forma Information 5. Compensated Absences 6. Comprehensive Income 7. Consolidated Financial Statements A. Criteria for Consolidation B. Issuance of Shares by Subsidiary C. Parent Common Stock Held by Subsidiary D. Minority Interest (see Shareholders Equity; item 43B) E. Special Purpose Entities 8. Contingencies A. Accounting for Previously Unrecognized Contingencies B. Preacquisition Contingencies (see Business Combinations: item 2Div) 9. Debt A. Detachable Stock Warrants (see Shareholders' Equity: item 43F) B. Induced Conversion of Convertible Securities C. Demand Obligations D. Liability Derecognition 10. Deferred Compensation Arrangements 11. Development-Stage Enterprises A. Accounting for Development-stage Enterprises B. Disclosure: General Disclosures 12. Discontinued Operations 13. Discounting / Imputed Interest A. Discounting Notes Receivable or Payable B. Discounting Long-term Monetary Items (see Business Combinations: Item 2Di) C. Disclosure: Discounting Notes Receivable or Payable 14. Earnings Per Share A. Basic Earnings Per Share B. Diluted Earnings Per Share C. Earnings-per-share Calculation for Initial Public Offering D. Presentation of Earnings-per-share Information E. Disclosure: Bases for Calculation 15. Equity Method of Accounting A. Use of Equity Method B. Parent-company-only Financial Statements C. Disclosure: Investments Accounted for Under the Equity Method 16. Extraordinary Items A. Definition B. Debt Extinguishment C. Extraordinary Item in Connection With Discontinued Operations (see Discontinued Operations: item 12) D. Tax Benefit From Loss Carryforward 17. Financial Instruments A. General B. Classification of Compound Instruments (Liability and Equity Components) C. Offsetting D. Disclosure: Terms and Conditions E. Disclosure: Credit Risk F. Disclosure: Interest Rate Risk and Market Risk G. Disclosure: Fair Values H. Disclosure: Hedges of Anticipated Future Transactions 18. Foreign Currency Translation A. Translation of a Foreign Entity's Financial Statements B. Disposition of Self-sustaining Foreign Operation C. Exchange Gains and Losses on Long-term Monetary Items D. Classification of Deferred Taxes for Translation Purposes E. Anticipated Transactions F. Disclosure: Exchange Gains and Losses 19. Government Assistance A. Assistance Toward Current Expenses B. Assistance Toward Fixed Assets C. Disclosure: Government Assistance Received 20. Impairments A. Capital (Long-lived) Assets Held for Use B. Capital (Long-lived) Assets to be Disposed of C. Loan Impairment D. Investments, Other Than Temporary Decline in Value E. Goodwill Impairment (see Business Combinations: item 2Bii) F. Impairment of Intangible Assets (see Intangible Assets: item 22D) 21. Income Taxes A. Method of Recording Deferred Taxes B. Classification of Deferred Taxes for Translation Purposes (see Foreign Currency Translation: item 18D) C. Business Combination Tax Issues (see Business Combinations: item 2Dii) D. Tax Benefit From Loss Carryforward E. Disclosure: Components of Variation From Basic Income Tax Rate F. Disclosure: Components of Income Tax Expense G. Disclosure: Components of Deferred Tax Asset or Liability H. Disclosure: Tax Effect of Timing or Temporary Differences 22. Intangible Assets A. Measurement Basis B. Amortization Period C. Goodwill (see Business Combinations: item 2B) D. Impairment of Intangible Assets i. Intangible assets subject to amortization ii. Intangible assets not subject to amortization iii. Disclosure 23. Interest Capitalization 24. Interim Financial Reporting A. Minimum Components B. Periods Covered C. Estimates D. Accounting Policies E. Segment Disclosures (see Segment Information: item 42G) 25. Inventory 26. Investments A. Investments in Debt Securities B. Investments in Marketable Equity Securities C. Other-than-temporary Decline in Value (see Impairments: item 20D) D. Changes in Classification E. Use of Equity Method (see Equity Method of Accounting: item 15A) F. Accounting for Joint Ventures (see Joint Ventures: item 28A) G. Contributions by the Investor to a Joint Venture (see Joint Ventures: item 28B) H. Parent-company-only Financial Statements (see Equity Method of Accounting: item 15B) I. Disclosure: Investments Accounted for Under the Equity Method (see Equity Method of Accounting: item 15C) J. Disclosure: Investments in Joint Ventures (see Joint Ventures: item 28C) 27. Investment Tax Credits 28. Joint Ventures A. Accounting for Joint Ventures B. Contributions by an Investor to a Joint Venture C. Disclosure: Investments in Joint Ventures 29. Leases A. Classification B. Capital / Finance Leases — Lessee — Balance Sheet Recognition C. Finance Leases — Lessor i. Balance sheet recognition ii. Recognition of finance income iii. Manufacturer's or dealer's profit D. Sale-leaseback Transactions i. Fair value less than carrying value ii. Profit or loss arising on sale (other than where (i) applies) 30. Long-lived Assets: Obligations Associated with the Retirement of 31. Nonmonetary Transactions A. Transactions Involving Some Monetary Amount B. Transactions not Culminating the Earnings Process and that Involve Some Monetary Consideration 32. Pension Benefits A. Defined Benefit Plans — Amount Recognized on Balance Sheet B. Periodic Pension Expense / Cost C. Actuarial Valuation Method for Determining Costs of Benefits Under a Defined Benefit Plan D. Amortization of Experience Gains and Losses and Changes in Assumptions (Actuarial Gains and Losses) E. General Disclosures for Defined Benefit Plans F. Defined Contribution Plans 33. Postemployment Benefits A. Accounting for Postemployment Benefits B. Disclosure: Obligation Not Accrued 34. Postretirement Benefits (Other) A. Accounting for Other Postretirement Benefits B. Disclosure: General Disclosures 35. Preoperating Costs A. Accounting for Preoperating Costs B. Disclosure: Disclosure of Preoperating Costs 36. Prior-Period Adjustments A. Definition B. Disclosure: Pro Forma Results of Operations 37. Property, Plant and Equipment A. Measurement Basis B. Capital Assets Used in Research and Development Projects (see Research and Development: item 40Aii) C. Government Assistance Toward Fixed Assets (see Government Assistance: item 19B) D. Ability to Capitalize Interest (see Interest Capitalization: item 23) E. Depreciation F. Sinking-fund Method of Depreciation G. Impairment of Value (see Impairments: items 20A and B) H. Capitalization of Environmental Cleanup Costs 38. Receivables A. Transfers with Recourse B. Loan Impairment (see Impairments: item 20C) C. Foreclosed Loans D. Restructured Loans 39. Related Party Transactions A. Measurement B. Disclosure 40. Research and Development A. Recognition of Expense i. Development costs ii. Capital assets used in research and development projects iii. Computer software costs iv. Disclosure: Computer software costs B. Research and Development Arrangements i. Accounting for research and development arrangements ii. Disclosure: Compensation earned and costs incurred 41. Restructuring Charges (not associated with a Business Combination (see item 2Diii)) A. Accounting for Restructuring Charges (Exit Costs) B. Disclosure 42. Segment Information A. Industry Segment B. Foreign Operations C. Disclosure: Industry Segment D. Disclosure: Geographic Segment E. Disclosure: Export Sales F. Disclosure: Economic Dependence on Major Customers G. Disclosures in Interim Financial Statements 43. Shareholders' Equity A. Stock Issuance Costs B. Minority Interest C. Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Stock D. Elimination of Operating Deficit E. Parent Common Stock Held by Subsidiary (see Consolidated Financial Statements: item 7C) F. Detachable Stock Warrants 44. Stock-based Compensation A. Accounting for Stock-based Compensation B. Disclosure C. Pro Forma Disclosure 45. Termination Benefits A. Accounting for Special Termination Benefits B. Disclosure 46. Uncertainties Appendix I — Standards Issued or Withdrawn from January 2001 to September 2002 Appendix II — American Free Trade Agreement (AFTA) Committee for Cooperation on Financial Reporting Matters Glossary Accounting and Reporting for Enterprises in the Development Stage
Accounting Bases Used in Canadian Government Budgeting
Accounting Changes — Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 1506
Accounting for Infrastructure in the Public Sector
Accounting for Tangible Capital Assets — Accrual Budgeting Issues
Accrual Budgeting by Canadian Federal, Provincial and Territorial Governments
Aligning Investment in Information Technology with Business Strategy: What CFOs Need to Consider (June 2005)
Application of Computer-assisted Audit Techniques, Second Edition
Assessing Risks & Controls of Investment Funds
Asset Retirement Obligations - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 3110
Assurance Engagement Working Papers
Audit & Control Implications of XBRL
Audit Enquiry - Seeking More Reliable Evidence From Audit Enquiry
Audit Implications of EDI
Audit Implications of Electronic Document Management
Audit of a Small Entity
Audits of Non-profit Organizations
Canadian Performance Reporting
Cash Distributions — Amendments to Section 1540 — Background Information and Basis for Conclusions (September 2007)
Cash Flow and Other Per Share Information - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Sections 1540 and 3500
Cash Flow Statements - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 1540
Comprehensive Income and Equity - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Sections 1530 and 3251
Confirmation of Accounts Payable
Confirmation of Accounts Receivable
Continuous Auditing
Corporate Reporting to Stakeholders
Costing Government Services for Improved Performance Measurement & Accountability
Data Level Assurance
Differential Reporting - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 1300
Differential Reporting — Amendments to Section 3062 and AcG-15 — Background Information and Basis for Conclusions
Disclosures by Entities Subject to Rate Regulation - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions AcG-19
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets and Discontinued Operations - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 3475
Electronic Audit Evidence
Electronic Filing and Reporting - Emerging Technologies and Their Implications
Electronic Filing of Information
Employee Future Benefits - Additional Disclosures - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 3461
Employee Future Benefits Implementation Guide, Second Edition (Updated November 2001)
Engagements to Audit Greenhouse Gas Emissions Information — Practice Guide
Financial Instrument Disclosures and Capital Disclosures - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Sections 1535, 3862 and 3863 (July 2007)
Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 3855
Financial Instruments — Recognition and Measurement — Background Information and Basis For Conclusions Amendments to Section 3855 (December 2009)
Financial Reporting by Canadian School Boards
Financial Reporting by Investment Funds, Second Edition
Financial Reporting by Rate-regulated Enterprises
Financial Reporting by Small Business Enterprises
Financial Reporting in North America - Highlights of a Joint Study
The First Audit Engagement
Full Cost Accounting from an Environmental Perspective
General Standards of Financial Statement Presentation - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 1400
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 1100
Going Concern - Amendments to Section 1400 - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions (June 2007)
Guide for Developing Quality Control Systems in Public Accounting
Hedges - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 3865
The Impact of Technology on Financial and Business Reporting
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 3063
Improving Disclosures About Financial Instruments (Amendments to Financial Instruments — Disclosures, Section 3862) (June 2009)
Income Taxes - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 3465
Indicators of Government Financial Condition
Intangible Assets — Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 3064 (September 2008)
Interactive Data — Building XBRL Into Accounting Information Systems
Interim Financial Statements - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - CICA Handbook – Accounting Section 1751
Inventories - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 3031 (June 2007)
Investment Companies - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - AcG-18
Investment Companies - Amendments to AcG-15 and AcG-18 - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions (June 2007)
Liabilities and Equity - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - Section 3860
Links between the Budget and the Estimates — Accrual budgeting Issues
Maintaining Quality Capital Markets Through Quality Information
Non-Monetary Transactions - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Section 3831
Not-for-Profit Financial Reporting Guide
Not-for-Profit Organizations — Background Information and Basis for Conclusions 4400 Series (November 2008)
Professional Judgment and the Auditor
Rate-Regulated Operations — Amendments to Sections 1100 and 3465 and AcG-19 — Background Information and Basis for Conclusions (December 2007)
Reporting on Environmental Performance
The Role of Information Technology in Achieving Sustained Regulatory Compliance
Secure IT Infrastructure for E-commerce
Security for Wireless Systems (revised)
Segment Disclosures - Background Information and Basis for Conclusions - CICA Handbook Section 1701
Stakeholder Relationships, Social Capital and Business Value Creation
Understanding Disclosure Controls and Procedures: Helping CEOs and CFOs Respond to the Need for Better Disclosure
Use of Specialists in Assurance Engagements
Using Graphics in Corporate Reporting
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